肠道菌群对帕金森病影响的研究进展

Research Progress in Influence of Gut Microbiota on Parkinson's Disease

肠道菌群在肠道与大脑间的相互作用中扮演重要角色,不仅影响肠上皮屏障和肠道神经免疫系统,还通过肠道菌群-肠-脑轴参与维持脑内稳态。帕金森病(PD)是常见的神经退行性疾病,主要影响运动系统,也可导致胃肠道功能紊乱等前驱性非运动症状。其病理标志物——α突触核蛋白可能以朊蛋白样的方式从肠道扩散到大脑,表明肠道参与PD的病理过程。PD患者的肠道菌群表现出显著的变化特征,说明肠道菌群失调可能影响PD的进展,但其中的作用机制还有待探索。目前,以肠道菌群为基础的粪便微生物移植疗法成为研究热点,其可能为PD的治疗提供一种新思路。

The gut microbiota plays an important role in the interaction between the gut and the brain,affecting not only the intestinal epithelial barrier and the neuroimmune system,but also the microbiota-gut-brain axis to maintain brain homeostasis.Parkinson′s disease(PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease,mainly affecting the motor system, and can also lead to prodromal non-motor symptoms such as gastrointestinal disorders.Its pathological marker,α-synuclein,may spread from the gut to the brain in a prion-like manner,indicating that the gut is involved in the pathological process of PD.The gut microbiota of patients with PD shows significant changes,indicating that gut microbiota imbalance may affect the progress of PD,but the mechanism remains to be explored.At present, fecal microbial transplantation based on gut microbiota has become a research hotspot, which may provide a new idea for the treatment of PD.