甲床损伤多种修复方式的临床进展

Clinical Progress of Various Repair Methods of Nail Bed Injury

临床上手外伤所致的甲床损伤十分常见,若未及时正确处理会导致指甲生长畸形、甲床与甲板分离,甚至指甲缺失,使手指功能和外观受到影响。指甲是由甲板、甲襞、上甲皮、下甲皮和甲床等组成,其生发来源是甲基质。甲床主要靠指背动脉弓、指腹动脉弓和甲床支的血供提供营养。临床甲床损伤种类繁多,对不同类型、不同缺损面积的甲床损伤,需选用对应的手术方式来进行修复。随着现代医学技术的发展和人们审美水平的提高,新的甲床损伤修复手术方式不断出现,常见修复方式有甲床扩大、趾甲瓣移植、甲床移植、真皮移植、微粒甲床移植等。

Nail bed injuries caused by hand injuries are very common in clinical.If not treated timely and correctly,nail growth deformity,nail bed and nail plate separation,or even nail defect ,will occur,which will affect the function and appea- rance of fingers.The nails consist of nail plate,nail fold,eponychium, hyponychium and nail bed,which grow from matrices.The blood of nail bed was supplied by the dorsal artery arch,the ventral artery arch and the subbranches to the nail bed.There are many types of nail bed injuries in clinical practice,and different types and different area sizes of nail bed damage should be repaired by the corresponding surgical methods.With the development of modern medical technology and the improvement of people′s aesthetic level,new methods of nail bed repair are emerging constantly,common repair methods include nail bed enlargement, toenail flap transplantation,nail bed transplantation,dermal transplantation, particle nail bed transplantation,etc..