证成性与正当性:教育权力的道德基础

Research on the Moral Foundation of Educative Power: From the Perspective of Legitimacy and Justification

根据正当性与证成性之区分,对教育权力进行道德论证存在两条研究路径:一是从目的、效能上回答为什么教育对象应当服从教育者,谓之对教育权力的证成;二是关注合道德的教育权力得以产生的现实基础和限制性条件,谓之教育权力的正当化。反观教育思想源流及当前国内教育哲学研究,在讨论教育权力的道德基础时,存在证成性与正当性之间的严重失衡,即人们多从证成性而少从正当性来寻找答案。

Based on the differences of legitimacy and justification, there are two paths to prove educative power s moral integrity. One is to answer “why students should obey the teacher” from the perspective of purpose and efficiency. We called it the justification of educative power. The second way is to focus on the reality basis and restricted conditions that generate power with morality. We refer to it as the legitimacy of educative power. Reviewing studies on the origins of educational thoughts and the domestic educational philosophy, there lies a severe imbalance in methodology while discussing the moral foundation of educative power, which turns out that people are used to use justification rather than legitimacy to find answers.