论契诃夫小说中“套子”含义的五个层次

The Five Levels of Meanings of “the Case” in Chekhov's Novels

根据阐释学"阐释循环"理论,契诃夫小说中"套子"的含义随着与其进行循环阐释的"整体"的不同而不同。"整体"可以是五个:人教版语文课文《套中人》(节选)、《套中人》原文、"小三步曲"、契诃夫1898年创作的六部小说、契诃夫的全部有关作品。整体不同,"套子"的含义不尽相同,从某一角度出发可以划分出五个层次:特殊个性、群体心理、社会状态、时代错位、心灵枷锁。以此反观语文课本对《套中人》文本的使用,会发现许多值得商榷的地方。

According to the "interpretation cycle" theory in hermeneutics, the meaning of the "case" in Chekhov’s novels differs from the "whole" that is cyclically interpreted. The "whole" can be divided into five types as follows: The Chinese text The Man in the Case(an excerpt) published by the People’s Education Press, The Man in the Case in the original,"three small steps", six novels wrtten by Chekhov in 1898 and all his relevant works. As the whole is different, the meaning of the case" is dissimilar and can be divided from a certain perspective into five levels: the special personality, the group psychology, the social status, the dislocation of the times, and the shackles of the mind. In view of this, the use of the text of The Man in the Case in Chinese textbooks will reveal many places worth discussing.