罗振玉等人早期甲骨文研究学术史新探

Revisiting the History of Early Research on Oracle Bone Inscriptions by Luo Zhenyu and Others

早期甲骨文研究学术史,刘鹗、孙诒让、罗振玉、王国维等诸位大家可谓居功至伟。通过用新创的计算方法对刘鹗、孙诒让、罗振玉考释成果进行比较,证明孙诒让的学术成果尤为突出。因一些主客观的因素,孙诒让的历史地位和学术功绩未能得到客观的评价与认识。孙诒让去世后,罗振玉的学术水平逐步提升,后来居上。林泰辅、内藤湖南两度在学术上挑战,激励罗振玉写出力作、王国维更上层楼,以“两剑封喉”确立了甲骨学领域罗振玉、王国维“二骑绝尘”的格局。罗振玉卓越的学术成就,使甲骨学真正成为中国近代唯一的、从发现创立到发展壮大都由中国人主导并持续领先的、有世界影响的综合性现代学术领域。上述学人为中华文明继绝学和为当代中华民族复兴起到了重要的启蒙、奠基作用。

With regard to the academic history of early research on oracle bone inscriptions, credit is due first and foremost to such great masters as Wang Yirong, Liu E, Sun Yirang, Luo Zhenyu, Wang Guowei, et cetera. Results from a textual research on the academic achievements of Liu E, Sun Yirang and Luo Zhenyu using a newly devised contrastive method reveal that Sun Yirang stands out particularly prominently. Yet, due to some factors, both subjective and objective, Sun Yirang’s historical status and academic achievements have to date not been duly evaluated and recognized. After Sun’s death, Luo Zhenyu and Wang Guowei rose to academic prominence, whose research achievements helped entrench their impregnable academic status of being the ‘top duo’ in the domain of oracle bone research. Luo Zhenyu’s outstanding academic achievements, together with Wang Guowei’s “double strokes of genius” have greatly contributed to the Chinese oracle bone science being the only modern Chinese academic realm with international influence, initiated, developed, dominated, and continuously led by the Chinese. The above-mentioned scholars have played an important role in enlightening and laying the foundation for the development of Chinese civilization and the rejuvenation of the contemporary Chinese nation.