唐宋时期制笔技术的传承与革新

Inheritance and Innovation of Technology on Manufacturing of Writing Brush in the Tang and Song Dynasties

制笔技术史是中国古代科技史的重要内容之一,而唐宋时期正是中国古代制笔技术体系发展的完备阶段。唐宋以前,笔头的制作原料多为动物毫毛。唐宋时期,笔头的制作原料更加丰富和多样化,尤其是北宋时期开始以植物纤维制作笔头,创造性地开拓了原料来源,成为制笔史上的重要革新。这一时期,制笔过程中既重视笔头的选料和加工,又关注笔管的大小与制作,还突出风格及式样的创新,最终形成精选笔毛、精制笔芯、精雕笔管、精创式样的成熟且完善的技术体系。由唐到宋,制笔技术的传承与革新,无疑从一个侧面生动地反映着唐宋时代社会文化的发展与变迁。

The history of technology on manufacturing of writing brush is an important component of the history of ancient science and technology in China, and the Tang and Song Dynasties witnessed the full-fledged development of ancient Chinese technology system on manufacturing of writing brush. Before the Tang and Song Dynasties, the raw materials used as brush heads were mostly animal hair. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, these materials became more abundant and diversified, and especially in the Northern Song Dynasty, plant fiber was used to make writing brush, which creatively explored the source of raw materials and became an important innovation in the history of manufacturing of writing brush. During this period, the selection and processing of writing brush head, the size and manufacturing of writing brush tube, and the innovation of form and style were paid attention to in the process of manufacturing of writing brush. Besides, a mature and improved technical system of selecting raw materials, refining writing brush heads, carving writing brush tubes and creating unique styles was finally established. The inheritance and innovation of technology on manufacturing of writing brush undoubtedly and vividly reflected the development and change of society in the Tang and Song dynasties.