合法的边缘性参与:职业院校学生工匠精神培育的创新路径

Legitimate Peripheral Participation:An Innovative Way to Cultivate the Craftsman Spirit of Vocational College Students

培育具有工匠精神的技术技能型人才是当前职业院校的重大使命。从合法的边缘性参与视角出发,培育职业院校学生的工匠精神实质上是学生在实践共同体中的文化适应并最终获得特定实践共同体成员身份的过程,工匠精神的培育逻辑要着重注意四个方面:氛围的融洽性、环境的情景性、过程的参与性和身份的认同性。因此,职业院校要通过构建"现代师徒制"强化学生在实践共同体中的合法身份,搭建情景化的实训基地提升学生对"工匠精神"的感受程度,树立以"学生为中心"的教学理念调动学生的参与性,沟通校企文化促进学生对自己新身份的认同,以此实现对学生工匠精神的有效培育。

It is an important mission of vocational colleges to cultivate technical and skilled talents with craftsman spirit. From the perspective of legitimate peripheral participation, cultivating the craftsman spirit of vocational college students is essentially the process of the students' cultural adaptation in the practical community and ultimately the gaining of membership in the specific practical community. The logic of cultivating the craftsman spirit should focus on four aspects: harmony of atmosphere, situational environment, participation of process and identification of identity. Therefore, vocational colleges should strengthen the students' legal identity in the practical community by constructing "modern teacher-apprentice system". They should build situational training bases to enhance the students' perception of "craftsman spirit". They should establish a "student-centered" teaching concept to mobilize the students' participation and communicate school-enterprise culture to promote the students' recognition of their new identity, so as to realize the recognition of the students' craftsman spirit.