儒家诗学在朝鲜王朝前期的发展——以“文道论”为中心

The Development of Confucian Poetics in Early Joseon Dynasty:Focus on WenDao Theory

"文道论"探究了文与道间的关系:譬如韩愈、柳宗元在古文运动时提倡的"文以贯道"、北宋周敦颐的"文以载道"、二程之"作文害道"等,是古代儒家不断在思考的哲学问题。13世纪,儒家思想被传到高丽后,士大夫阶层尝试将儒家思想放进文学概念,主要探索文与道之间的关系。后来激进派成功引导了朝鲜王朝开国。由于建国初提倡"性理学之国",对文道观的理解比较偏向于二程和朱子。后来朝廷开始录用士林派(建国前的非激进派),这不仅在朝鲜王朝前期使得政治体系发生了变化,而且在文艺概念上产生了对"文"与"道"的新看法,最终形成了"道学派"与"词章派"观念的对立。文章主要探析朝鲜王朝前期如何体现文道论思想,以及后来道学派和词章派对立时,文道观的流变是如何被呈现的。

The theory of WenDao is about exploring relation between Writings and Principle.For instance,Wenyiguandao,Zhou dun yi’s Wenyizaidao,Ercheng’s Zuowenhaidao in North Song period,and those are constant philosophical speculation of Confucian Scholar in ancient period.In 13C,after the Confucianism had influenced Goryeo,Scholar class tried to put Confucianism in literary concept,and mainly discuss the relation between Writings and Principle.the radical party establish Joseon Dynasty successfully afterward.Therefore the early days of Joseon had advocated Neo-Confucianism nation,the notion about the theory of Wendao seems partial to Ercheng and Zhuzi.Thereafter,royal court of Joseon appoint the group of Shilin(moderate party before the establish new dynasty).This event not only transform the political system,but also inspired the understanding of Wendao in literary thought,and at last,confrontation between the group of Ethics and Rhetoric had formed.This paper discussed how Joseon got influenced by the theory of Wendao and during Opposition between the group of Ethics and the group of Rhetoric,how the theory of Wendao has been developed.