基于三导向条结构的枪钻深孔加工动力学分析及圆度误差优化

Dynamics Analysis and Roundness Optimization of Gun Drill Deep Hole Processing Based on Three Guide Pads

为了改善深孔加工的圆度形貌,依据枪钻深孔结构与加工中的实际受力情况,结合导向块对提高孔加工圆度形貌所起到的作用,设计出具有三个导向块的优化结构。在保证计算精度的前提下,通过有限元分析法及力学模型的特征矩阵推算出深孔加工过程中出现圆度误差的数学表达,并通过数值仿真分析与实验研究,对比分析了两导向块结构和三导向块结构枪钻在相同的加工条件下圆度误差形成的情况。计算结果表明,三导向块结构的枪钻加工孔的圆度误差更小。可见,三导向块结构可以有效降低圆度形貌变形的出现,提高加工质量。

In order to improve the roundness of deep hole processing,an optimized structure with three guide pads that can exert influence in the roundness and appearance of the hole was designed on the basis of characteristics of gun drill deep-hole structure and actual forces in processing.On the premise of guaranteeing the accuracy of calculation,the mathematical expression of roundness error in deep hole processing is deduced by means of finite element analysis and characteristic matrix of mechanical model.Through numerical simulation and experimental research,roundness error of gun drills with two guide blocks and three guide blocks under the same processing conditions is compared and analyzed.The formation of difference and the calculated result suggest that three guide pads structure can curtail the formation of roundness error.It can be seen that the gun-drill with three guide pads could reduce the appearance of roundness and improve the processing quality effectively.