坚硬特厚煤层综放提高回收率实践

Practice of Enhancing Recovery Rate by Fully-mechanized Caving in Hard and Extra Thick Coal Seam

新疆库车县榆树田煤矿开采的下5煤厚度大且坚硬,冒落不充分,易产生大块煤回收困难,回采率低,老塘遗煤多,造成发火、大面积顶板突然垮落等安全隐患。该矿进行了高压注水、"超前深孔预裂爆破"联合弱化的方法,同时对这些工艺的技术参数、施工过程、工序环节进行改进优化。有效提高了回采率,顶板随采随冒,工作面无大面积顶板垮落现象,支架载荷变化平缓,提高了经济效益同时减少了安全风险。

Coal seam No. 5 in Yushutian Coal Mine of Kuqa County, Xinjiang is thick and hard, and the caving is not enough. It is easy to produce large coal recovery difficulties, low recovery rate and large amount of coal left in old gob, resulting in fire, sudden collapse of large roof and other security risks. The combined weakening method of high pressure water injection and advanced deep hole pre-splitting blasting was carried out in the coal mine. At the same time, the technical parameters, construction process and working procedure of these processes have been improved and optimized. The recovery rate was effectively improved, roof caved in time with mining, and there did not occur large area roof caving in working face, the change of support load was gentle, economic efficiency was improved and safety risks were reduced.