中华蜜蜂触角感器扫描电镜观察

SEM observation on antennal sensilla of Apis cerana cerana

触角作为蜜蜂重要的感觉器官,在感受外界环境刺激、实现个体间信息交流方面具有重要意义。中华蜜蜂是我国本土蜂种,亦是一类经济昆虫。本研究采用扫描电镜技术对中华蜜蜂工蜂与雄蜂触角及其表面感受器的形态和分布进行分析。结果表明,中蜂触角呈膝状,包括柄节、梗节和鞭节3部分。工蜂柄节比雄蜂的修长,而雄蜂鞭节较工蜂的粗壮,且多一节。工蜂触角上有7种类型的感器,其中毛形感器分布最多,雄蜂触角上有6种感器,其中板形感器分布最多。在雄蜂触角上发现了一类新的感器为栓锥形感器。工蜂和雄蜂触角的差异不仅表现在形态和触角节数上,其感受器的种类、数量和分布也存在明显差异。

Antennae, as the important sensory organs of honey bees, play an important role in perceiving stimulation from environment and realizing information exchange among individuals. Apis cerana cerana is a native bee species in China, and also an economic insect. This study was to lay the foundation on researching the function of the antennal sensilla and the mechanism of chemical information perception in A. cerana cerana. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the morphology and distribution characteristics of the antennal sensilla of the worker bees and drones from A. cerana cerana. The results showed that antennae of A. cerana cerana are genual and include three parts, namely, the scape, pedicel, and flagellum. The scape of workers are longer than those of drones, the flagellum of drones are wider and longer and have more segments than those of workers. There are some differences in the type, quantity and distribution of the antennal between the two sexes, which may be due to their different functions in the colony. There are seven types of sensilla on the antennae of worker bees, among which the number of sensilla trichodea is the largest. Six types of sensilla were identified on the antennae of drones, among which the number of sensilla placodea is the largest. A new type of sensilla, sensilla basiconicum, was identified on the antennae of drones and penniform setae are special to drones. The difference between antennae of worker bees and drones is not only in the morphology and the section number, but also in the type, quantity and distribution of their antennal sensilla.