衰弱程度对社区老年人生活质量的影响

Research on the influence of degree of frailty on quality of life among the community-dwelling elderly

目的探讨防社会隔离自我效能在衰弱程度与生活质量之间的中介作用,为改善老年人的生活质量水平提供理论依据。方法于2018年1—2018年3月在辽宁省丹东市便利抽取社区老年人535例,采用一般资料调查表、预防社会隔离的自我效能评定量表(CSES)、衰弱综合评估工具(CFAI)及生活质量量表的简化版(SF-12)进行调查、分析和建立结构方程模型。结果老年人防社会隔离自我效能得分(12.83±6.51)分,衰弱程度得分(53.04±16.01)分,生活质量得分(61.28±30.65)分。老年人衰弱程度与防社会隔离自我效能和生活质量呈负相关(r=-0.460、-0.559,均P=0.000);防社会隔离自我效能与生活质量呈正相关(r=0.599,均P=0.000);防社会隔离自我效能在老年人衰弱程度与生活质量间起部分中介作用。结论防社会隔离自我效能是老年人衰弱程度与生活质量间的中介变量,衰弱程度主要通过防社会隔离自我效能间接作用于老年人的生活质量。

Objective To explore the mediating effect of community′s self-efficacy for preventing social isolation between degree of frailty and quality of life of the community-dwelling elderly. Methods From January to March 2018, a random sample of 535 elderly selected from the community in Dandong of Liaoning were surveyed by Community′s Self-efficacy Scale for preventing social isolation (CSES), the Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument (CFAI) and 12-Item Health Survey. The data collected were analyzed to establish a structural equation model. Results The score of community′s self-efficacy for preventing social isolation, degree of frailty, and quality of life were (12.833±6.514),(53.042±16.014) and (61.276±30.649), respectively. Degree of frailty was negatively correlated with community′s self-efficacy for preventing social isolation (r =-0.460, P =0.000) and quality of life (r =-0.559, P =0.000);Community′s self-efficacy for preventing social isolation was positively correlated with quality of life (r =0.599, P =0.000). Community′s self-efficacy for preventing social isolation played a partial mediating role between degree of frailty and quality of life among the community-dwelling elderly. Conclusion Community′s selfefficacy for preventing social isolation plays an intermediary role between degree of frailty and quality of life, and degree of frailty mainly affects quality of life of the elderly through indirect action of community′s self-efficacy for preventing social isolation.