庄子“与物为宜”的幸福思想论

Chuang Tzu's Thoughts on Well-being

对庄子幸福思想的研究,不能受《庄子·至乐》的影响,粗略地将其等同于快乐与幸福。幸福是快乐的基源,快乐是幸福的具体体现。庄子重视的"福"即幸福,其贡献不在于对幸福的直接论述,而在于对幸福指数或幸福适宜度即"宜"的提出,在"宜"通"仪""谊"的层面,庄子的"宜"完美地演绎了实现幸福所需要的行为的合理性以及遵循规律而行为的必要性,不仅深化了幸福思想的主题,还构建了自身幸福理论的独特框架,这是迄今仍被忽视乃至无视的盲点。盘活庄子"宜"的幸福的独特因子,是提供21世纪人类幸福指数的可供选择的文化因子之一。

A misperception of Chuang Tzu’s thoughts on happiness is that well-being is equated with happiness,the former is the fountain of the latter and the latter the embodiment of the former.Chuang Tzu distinguished himself for his thought on Yi(宜),i.e.,well-being index.In Chinese linguistic terms,Yi is the homophone of etiquette(仪)and friendship(谊).We can co-opt this long-neglected thought in determining the well-being index for the 21st century.