老年性聋患者近亲属心理健康状况及其影响因素的研究

Psychopathological characteristics and its influencing factors in families of presbycusis patients

目的评价老年性聋患者近亲属的心理健康状况.并探讨其影响因素方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)中文版对2015年7月至2017年7月就诊于扬州大学附属医院耳鼻咽喉科门诊的老年性聋患者157例的近亲属进行测定,计算其躯:体化、强迫症状、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执及精神病性的评分,并与国人标准常模进行比较同时记录所有受试患者的临床资料,同时采用Pearson相关分析,对SCL-90与各项因素的相关性进行分析;再运用单因素分析和多元逐步回归方法分析相关影响因素结果老年性聋近亲属SCL-90总分为(146.3 ±42.8 )分,总分及总均分与中国常模差异均有统计学意义(t = 14.557、14. 765,均P <0. 05);其中躯体化、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑项目因子分高于中国常模,差异均有统计学意义(t=5.417,13.588 ,20.857 ,22.475,均P <0.05)。年龄、睡眠情况、教育程度、患者是否佩戴助听器及患者听力损失程度对老年性聋患者近亲属SCI.-90总评分有影响(P<0.05)多元线性回归分析,年龄(t=2.550,P<0.000)、教育程度(t=4. 087.P<0.()00)及患者听力损失程度(r =2. 188,P<0. 05)与老年性聋患者近亲属SC1.-90总评分呈正相关;而近亲属睡眠情况(t=- 2. 004.P <0. 05 )及患者是否佩戴助听器(t=-4.643,p<0.05)与老年性聋患者近亲属SCL-90总评分呈负相关.结论老年性聋患者近亲属有轻度心理健康损害,伴有抑郁、焦虑情绪;年龄、睡眠情况、教育程度、患者是否佩戴助听器及患者听力损失程度是影响其总体心理健康状况的重要因素:应从健康整体观出发,重视老年性聋患者近亲属的身心健康.

Objective To investigate the psychopathological characteristics in families of presbycusis patients and its influencing factors. Methods The psychopathological ehciracteristics were evaluated with the Symptom Checklist - 90( SCL - 90) Chinese version in 157 families of presbycusis patients( FPP) in the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University from July 2015 to July 2017. Somatization, obsessive - compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensitivity , depression, anxiety , hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticisni and other were assessed and compared with the Chinese standard norm. The correlation between SCL - 90 and related data had also been analyzed. The general information and clinical data of patients were analyzed. Results The SCL - 90 score in the FPP group was ( 146. 3 ± 42. 8 ) points. The total score and total average score of SCL - 90 had statistically significant difference between the FPP group and the Chinese standard group(t = 14. 557,14. 765 , all P < 0. 05 ). The scores of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression and anxiety factors in the FPP group were higher than those in tlir Chinese standard group(t =5.417,13. 588,20. 857 ,22. 475 ,all P <0.05). Age,sleeping condition,educational level, hearing aids and the level of patients'hearing loss were correlated with the total score of SCL -90( TSCL - 90 ) in FPP( all P < 0. 05 ). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age (t=2. 550, P < 0.000 ), the educalional level ( t = 4. 087、P <0. 000 ), and the level of patients ' hearing loss (t =2. 188, P < 0. 05 ) were positively correlated with TSCL - 90,and sleeping condition(t =- 2. 004 ,P <0. 05) and hearing ai(ls( t =-4. 643 ,P <0. 05 ) were negatively associated with TSCL - 90. Conclusion The psychopathological characteristics are generally poor in families with presbycusis patients, accoinpanied by obvious depression and anxiety;and age, sleeping condition, educational level,hearing aids and the level of patients' hearing loss are ini port a nt infliiencing factors. It is important to pay attention to overall health in families with presbycusis patients.