CAD/CAM技术在全口义齿修复中的研究与应用

Research and Application of CAD/CAM Technology in complete Denture Restoration

随着我国进入老龄化社会,无牙颌人口数量持续增长。目前全口义齿修复是上下颌牙列缺失的首要选择。成功的全口义齿修复可显著提高无牙颌患者的生活质量。但是全口义齿主要是通过人工设计和手工制作的,其质量在很大程度上取决于牙医和技师的经验技术,难以保证最佳质量,常常导致修复的失败。随着数字化技术的发展,计算机辅助设计和计算机辅助制造(Computer Aided Design and Computer Aided Manufacturing,CAD/CAM)在口腔修复领域中开始广泛应用。利用数字化技术在全口义齿制作中可以替代传统全口义齿修复中的很多手工步骤,相比于传统手工制作全口义齿,数字化制作技术具有明显优势:设计加工精度高,对医师经验技巧依赖性降低,减少医师临床操作时间及患者就诊次数,基托聚和收缩减少不易变形,全口义齿易被复制。本文对近年来国内外利用CAD/CAM技术制作全口义齿的文献进行回顾,从传统全口义齿修复的模型制取、颌位关系的记录和转移、排牙、试戴义齿、终义齿这五个临床步骤进行综述,介绍数字化技术在各个步骤中的应用。

China is gradually entering an aging society, the number of edentulous population continues to grow. At present, complete denture is the first choice for edentulous jaw patients. Successful complete denture restoration can significantly improve the quality of life of edentulous patients. However,the quality of traditional complete dentures mainly depends on the technical level of dentists and technicians. It is difficult to guarantee the best quality and often leads to failure of restoration.With the development of digitalization,computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) have been widely applied in the field of oral prosthodontics. It can replace traditional denture repair a lot of manual steps.Compared with the traditional handmade denture, digital technology has obvious advantages: high precision in design and machining, reduced dependence on physician experience skills, reduced clinical operation time and patient visits,the base condense and shrink less easily deformed and denture easy to be copied. This article reviews the domestic and foreign literature on the production of complete denture with CAD/CAM technology in recent years, and introduces the application of digital technology in each step from the clinical steps of traditional complete denture restoration.