连杆小头衬套材料工艺及试验评价的研究进展

Research Progress on Bushing Material & Technology and lts Experimental Evaluation in Connecting Rod Small End

针对连杆小头摆动摩擦副载荷过大、润滑不良、温升过高而导致的衬套早期失效问题,归纳了近年来衬套常用衬层金属材料铅青铜、锡青铜、铝青铜和共晶硅铝合金的性能特点,分析了电镀涂层、热喷涂和气相沉积镀膜等常用的衬套表面处理技术的原理及其应用前景,介绍了磨损试验、疲劳试验和抗咬合试验等衬套失效试验评价方法的研究进展。从材料、工艺及试验评价的角度为连杆小头摆动摩擦副失效问题的改善提供参考。

Aiming at the problem of early failure of the bushing caused by excessive load, poor lubrication and high temperature rise of the swinging friction pair on the connecting rod small end, the perfor-mance characteristics of lead bronze, tin bronze, aluminum bronze and eutectic silicon aluminum alloy which have been commonly used on the bushing in recent years are summarized. The bushing surface treatment technologies such as electroplating coating, thermal spraying and vapor deposition coating are analyzed from the aspects of principle and application prospect. The research progress of the bushing failure experimental evaluation methods such as wear test, fatigue test and anti-occlusion test were all introduced. It is intended to provide a reference for the improvement of the failure of the swinging friction pair on the connecting rod small end from the aspects of materials, technique and test evaluation.