棉花生产上新型肥料研究进展

Application Progress of New Fertilizers in Cotton Production

【目的】综述新型肥料在棉花上的应用状况。【方法】查阅国内外相关文献,概述新型肥料种类,分析新型肥料改变棉花产量、品质及生理特性的研究进展。【结果】缓/控释肥料、水溶性肥料、微生物肥料、微量元素肥料和商品有机肥五大类新型肥料在棉花上均有不同程度的应用,可增加土壤肥力,提高棉花产量,促进棉花产业健康发展。但肥料生产和加工缺少统一的质量标准和评价体系,应用结果间存在较大差异。【结论】施用新型肥料能够提高棉花皮棉和籽棉产量,改善棉花品质,提高肥料利用率。

【Objective】 To understand the application status of new fertilizers on cotton.【Method】New fertilizer types and research progress on cotton yield, quality and physiological characteristics were summarized after reviewing the latest domestic and foreign related literatures.【Results】 Five new types of fertilizer, e.g. slow/controlled release fertilizer, water-soluble fertilizer, microbial fertilizer, trace element fertilizer and commercial organic fertilizer, have been applied to cotton cultivation to different extent. They could increase soil fertility, cotton yield and promote the healthy development of the cotton industry. However, there were currently tremendous differences in application efficiency due to the lack of uniform quality standards and evaluation systems for fertilizer production and processing.【Conclusions】 The application of new fertilizers can increase the yield of cotton lint and seed cotton, improve the quality of cotton and increase fertilizer use efficiency, which is of great significance to cotton production.