创伤性脑损伤动物模型的研究进展

Advances in animal models of traumatic brain injury

创伤性脑损伤(TBI)是一个全球严峻的公共卫生和社会经济问题,致残、致死率高。目前有以下几种TBI动物模型被广泛应用于实验研究:重物坠落损伤模型,液压冲击损伤模型,控制性皮质损伤模型,穿透弹道式脑损伤模型性,爆炸伤模型。虽然TBI动物模型复制了临床上观察到的大部分的组织病理学和功能结果,但现有的动物模型不能完全复制人类TBI,研究人员在使用实验性TBI模型时需要谨慎考虑,以确保选择最合适的模型来解决研究问题。文章将对这5种模型的造模原理和特点进行综述。

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a serious global public health and socio-economic problem with high disability and mortality. At present,the following TBI animal models are widely used in experimental research - weight-drop injury models, fluid percussion injury models,controlled cortical injury models,penetrating ballistic-like brain injury models,and blast injury models. Although the TBI animal models replicate most of the histopathological and functional outcomes observed clinically,the existing animal models can not fully replicate human TBI. Researchers need to consider carefully when using experimental TBI models to ensure that the most appropriate models are selected to solve the research problems. In this paper,the principles and characteristics of these five models are briefly reviewed.