考虑非期望产出的中国大陆星级饭店效率测度及其演化

The Measurement and Evolution of Efficiency of Chinese Mainland Star Hotels Concerning about Undesirable Output

非期望产出是效率测度必须要考虑的指标之一。本文利用中国大陆2000—2016年的省域数据,引入碳排放测度方法,将非期望产出纳入星级饭店效率的测度体系,进一步分析其时空演化的稳健性。主要结论有:考虑非期望产出后,效率均值出现微弱的下降,反映当前星级饭店的低碳经营理念仍需进一步推进。2000—2016年中国大陆星级饭店综合效率主要由规模效率驱动,综合效率与规模效率表现出与经济发展水平负相关的态势。重心分析表明综合效率与规模效率表现出大致相同的空间演化轨迹,总体上向东北发生偏移,纯技术效率重心总体上向西南发生偏移。不考虑空间因素,各项效率维持原有水平的概率表现出综合效率与规模效率大于纯技术效率,纯技术效率稳定性相对较低;考虑空间因素后,星级饭店效率维持原有稳定格局概率均大大降低。未来中西部地区在适度增加投入的同时,需要进一步转变增长方式;东部地区要严格控制星级饭店数量,同时需要大力推进集约化生产方式,倡导绿色生产。

Undesired output is one of the indicators effecting efficiency measurement.This paper used the provincial data of China mainland from 2000 to 2016,introduced carbon emission measurement method,and integrated the undesired outputs into the measurement system about the efficiency of star hotels to analyze the robustness of its space-time evolution.The results show that:the average efficiency has fallen slightly after considering the undesired outputs,which reflects that the low-carbon business concept about current star hotels still needs to be further promoted;the total efficiency of China mainland star hotels was mainly driven by scale efficiency from 2000 to 2016,and the total efficiency and scale efficiency is negatively related with the level of economic development;spatial evolution between the total efficiency and scale efficiency is roughly the same through the analysis of gravity center and shifts to the Northeast as a whole while the gravity center of pure technology efficiency generally shifts to the Southwest;regardless of space factors,the probability of maintaining the original level shows that the total efficiency and scale efficiency are greater than the pure technology efficiency,and the pure technology efficiency stability is relatively low.Considering the space factors,we find that the probability of maintaining the original stable pattern of the efficiency of star hotel greatly reduced.In the future,while moderately increasing investment in the central and western regions,it is necessary to change the growth mode and the eastern region must strictly control the number of star hotels.At the same time,it needs to vigorously promote intensive production methods and advocate green production.