青岛农村生活垃圾填埋污染控制及资源利用过程的环境影响评价

Environmental Impact Assessment of Landfill Pollution Control and Resource Utilization Process for Rural Living Waste in Qingdao

为评价国内农村生活垃圾填埋模式的环境影响并提出改进建议,本文以就地坑埋(模式1)、集中填埋+渗滤液处理(模式2)和集中填埋+渗滤液处理+甲烷回收利用(模式3)3种农村生活垃圾填埋模式进行生命周期评价与参数来源的敏感性分析。生命周期评价(LCA)结果表明,模式1的环境影响负荷为2.00×10^(-1),主要环境影响类型为富营养化和全球变暖;模式2的环境影响负荷为3.97×10^(-2),主要环境影响为全球变暖;模式3的环境影响负荷为2.46×10^(-2),主要环境影响为富营养化。3种模式中,填埋处置单元环境影响最大,压缩中转单元最小。根据评价结果提出适合3种填埋模式的环保优化建议,为中国农村生活垃圾的环境管理提供对策和参考。

In order to evaluate the environment impact of domestic landfill modes for rural livingwaste and put forward suggestions for improvement, three types of waste landfill modes in rural areas, including in-situ pit burial(Mode 1), centralized landfill + leachate treatment(Mode 2) and centralized landfill + leachate treatment + methane recovery(Mode 3), were used to carry out life cycle assessment and parameter sensitivity analysis. The results of life cycle assessment(LCA) showed that the environmental impact load(EIL)of Mode 1 was 2.00×10-1 and the main type of environmental impacts were eutrophication and global warming.The EIL of Mode 2 was 3.97×10-2 and the main type of environmental impacts was global warming. The EIL of Mode 3 was 2.46×10-2 and the main environmental impact type was eutrophication. Among the three modes, the environmental impact of the landfill disposal unit was the largest, and the compression transfer unit was the smallest. According to the assessment results, the environmental protection optimization proposals that are suitable for the three types of landfilling models are proposed to provide countermeasures and references for the environmental management of rural livingwaste in China.