河南省二三级综合医院引流装置使用和处置的现状调查

Investigation on management of drainage devices in secondary and tertiary hospitals in Henan Province

目的了解河南省二、三级综合医院引流装置使用和处置现状,为医疗机构规范管理提供一定的数据支撑。方法采用随机分层抽样方法,抽取二、三级综合医院作为调查对象,以问卷的形式,调查各医院手术室和外科ICU引流装置和引流废液的处理情况。比较不同级别的医院在引流装置的使用和处置、引流废液的处置情况等方面的差异。结果 49所纳入调查的医院中,分别有93.88%的医院手术室和100%的医院外科ICU使用一次性引流瓶(袋);23所(46.94%)医院手术室和27所(56.25%)医院外科ICU使用可复用引流瓶;在术中废液产量较大的骨科或泌尿外科手术中,9所(37.50%)二级医院使用可复用引流瓶,高于三级医院使用率(4.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。36所(71.43%)医院将使用后的一次性引流瓶(袋)直接弃置于医疗废物专用包装袋内;28所(57.14%)医院由护士完成对可复用引流瓶的处置,处置时间达到(35.38±13.47) min。29所(59.18%)医院将倒出的引流废液直接倒入下水道。结论一次性引流瓶(袋)和可复用引流瓶是医院采用的主体引流装置,但引流装置及引流废液的处置标准不统一,相关部门尚需进一步探索和改进符合临床实际的引流方式和处置方法,以做到规范使用和管理。

Objective To investigate the current situation of management on drainage devices in secondary and tertiary hospitals in Henan Province,so as to provide basis for regulated management in medical institutions. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted in secondary and tertiary hospitals in Henan Province using stratified random sampling. Management of drainage devices and their liquid in operating rooms and surgical ICUs in two categories of hospitals were investigated and compared. Results The usage rate of disposable drainage bottles/bags was 93.88% and 100% in operating rooms and surgical ICUs,respectively. The reusable drainage bottles were used in 23(46.94%) operating rooms and 27(56.25%) surgical ICUs. In orthopedic or urologic surgery which produced a lot of waste liquid,the usage rate of the reusable drainage bottles in secondary hospitals was significantly higher than that in tertiary hospitals(37.50% v.s. 4.00%)(P<0.05). The used disposable drainage bottles/bags were directly discarded into medical waste bags in 36(71.43%) hospitals. The reusable drainage bottles were disposed by nurses in 28(57.14%) hospitals and the average length of disposing was(35.38±13.47) min. There were 29(59.18%) hospitals poured the postoperative drainage fluid into sewer line. Conclusion The major drainage devices were disposable drainage bottle/bag and reusable drainage bottle. There was no uniform standard for the disposal of drainage devices and their liquid. It is necessary not only to strengthen standardized management,but also to explore and improve the drainage system suitable to clinical practice in the future.