170所医院眼科显微手术器械清洗及灭菌包装的现状调查

Current status of ophthalmic microsurgical instruments cleaning and sterile packaging in 170 hospitals in China

目的了解国内医院在眼科显微手术器械清洗和灭菌包装的现状,为临床提出针对性解决方案及落实眼科器械清洗指南提供依据。方法采用问卷调查法,分析全国170所医院眼科显微手术器械清洗各环节及灭菌包装方面存在的问题。结果 55所(32.4%)设有眼科显微手术器械专用清洗设备;104所(61.2%)眼科显微手术器械在消毒供应中心清洗;61所(35.9%)纯手工清洗;111所(65.3%)选择酶类清洗剂清洗;清洗被硅油污染的眼科显微手术器械的113所医院中,34所(30.1%)采用碱性清洗剂,12所(10.6%)采用松节油、洗洁精等非医用清洗剂;无纺布(130所,76.5%)、纸塑(90所,52.9%)、棉布(73所,42.9%)是使用最多的3种灭菌包装材料。结论国内医院眼科显微手术器械专用清洗机配置率低;清洗方式及清洗剂的选择有待规范;部分医院包装材料选择单一。

Objective To understand the cument situation in cleaning and packaging of ophthalmic microsurgical instruments in hospitals in China,and provide basis for putting forward specific solutions and implementing the guidelines for cleaning ophthalmic instruments. Methods Questionnaire survey was used to analyze the problems in cleaning of ophthalmic microsurgical instruments and sterile packaging materials in 170 hospitals in China. Results In 170 hospitals,55(32.4%) had equipped with special cleaning machines for ophthalmic microsurgical instruments. Ophthalmic microsurgical instruments were included in the management of central sterile supply departments in 104(61.2%) hospitals,61(35.9%) manually cleaned ophthalmic microsurgical instruments,111(65.3%) used enzymatic detergents to clean ophthalmic microsurgical instruments. Of the 113 hospitals using silicone oil,34(30.1%) used alkaline detergents and 12(10.6%) used non-medical detergents such as turpentine and cleanser essence. Non-woven(76.5%),paper-plastic(52.9%) and cotton(42.9%) were three most used sterile packaging materials. Conclusion The allocation rate of special cleaning machine for ophthalmic microsurgical instruments in domestic hospitals is low. Methods of cleaning and selection of cleaning agents needs to be standardized. Selection of packing materials for some hospitals are simple.