从仇英《竹院品古图》看晚明的文人雅集

明中期以后,社会精英群体开始热衷于参与文人雅集活动。这一文化现象的兴盛,与当时社会的政治环境、经济条件、价值观念、士大夫心态和物质文化发展水平等因素密切相关。明代吴门画派代表人物仇英在《竹院品古图》中,描绘了四百多年前的一个春日,缙绅士大夫在某个江南私园中参加雅集活动的场景。本文结合相关文献,运用形象史学的研究方法,对画中所绘细节进行了深入的分析和解读,并将画中具有代表性的器物与相关传世文物进行了类比,力图重现此次活动的历史原境,从而使本文揭示的历史信息更为丰满。

After the middle Ming Dynasty, literati gatherings came into vogue among elite groups. The flourishing of this cultural phenomenon is closely related to the economic and political environment, values, the mentality of scholar officials and the level of material and cultural development in the society at that time. Zhu Yuan Pin Gu Tu, painted by one of the representative figures of the Wu School, Qiu Ying, depicted gentry and intellectuals participating in a literati gathering in a private garden in the south of the Yangtze River Delta, on a spring day more than 400 years ago. Based on the relevant literature, this paper makes an in-depth analysis and interpretation of the details of the painting using the research method of image history, and compares the representative objects in the painting to the related historical relics, trying to reconstruct the historical background of this activity, thus revealing more historical information and details.