论宪法序言的价值构造及其功能

On the Value Structure and the Function of the Preamble to the Constitution

作为宪法文本组成部分的宪法序言,蕴含一系列价值要素,这些价值要素按照一定结构、机制形成的价值系统和价值过程,即为宪法序言的价值构造。根据各国宪法序言的文本分析,可以将宪法序言的价值构造类型化为“立宪宗旨型”、“基本原则型”、“宏观纲领型”和“价值宣示型”。宪法序言的价值构造具有整合法律体系、约束宪法修改、指导宪法解释、规制宪法变迁和引领宪法评价等功能。

The preairble to the constitution, as an integral part of the constitution text, contains a series of value elements. These value elements, based on a certain structure and mechanism, form the value system and value process which are the value structure of the preamble to the consti?tion.On the basis of text analyses of the preambles to the constitutions of different countries,? is concluded that there are four types of value structures in terms of the preamble to the constitution, namely," constitutional purpose","basic principle"," macroscopic program" and " value declaration".The value structure of the preamble to the constitu?tion has multiple functions: integrating the legal system, constraining the amendment of the constitution, directing the interpretation of the constitution, regulating the change of the constitution and guiding the evaluation of the constitution.