排污单位自行监测监督检查技术研究

Study on Supervising and Inspection Technology of Pollution Sources Self-monitoring

排污单位自行监测监督检查对于环境管理具有重要意义。美国分别对废水、废气污染源自行监测监督检查技术有具体要求,而中国针对自行监测的监督检查技术发展不足。笔者在借鉴国内外经验的基础上,提出了基于数据分析和现场检查2种监督检查方式,并阐述了2种检查方式的重点内容。基于数据分析的监督检查包括数据标识判别、单源数据分析和多源数据分析等;基于现场检查的监督检查包括监测活动实施、监测仪器设备、质量控制方案、现场操作规范性、监测结果可比性等。结合自行监测检查的实际情况,从提高效率和可操作性的角度,提出了自行监测监督检查实施路线。

Supervising and inspection of pollution sources self-monitoring is of great significance to environmental management. Supervising and inspection technology for self-monitoring is underdeveloped in China, and there is specific requirements for waste water and exhaust gas in the US. Based on the previous research, two inspection ways are put forward. Supervision and inspection based on data analysis include three aspects, which are data identification discrimination, single-source data analysis and multi-source data analysis. Supervision and inspection based on on-site inspection includes five aspects, which are implementation of monitoring activities, monitoring equipment, quality control plan, normative operation on site and comparability of monitoring results.From the perspective of improving efficiency and operability,inspection implementation route is put forward.