程序性死亡受体1及其配体在结直肠转移癌中的表达特点

Characteristics of expressions of programmed death receptor 1 and its ligand in colorectal metastases

程序性死亡受体1(PD-1)及程序性死亡受体配体1(PD-L1)的结合可以对T淋巴细胞功能进行抑制和耗竭,从而诱导免疫耐受,使肿瘤细胞逃脱机体免疫细胞的攻击,促进肿瘤生长及转移。同时PD-1/PD-L1的高表达能够增强肿瘤的转移能力,导致患者死亡率上升,而抑制PD-1/PD-L1信号通路的治疗在多种肿瘤中有效。对于结直肠转移癌的治疗,传统的治疗方法有限,免疫治疗的出现可能为结直肠转移癌的治疗带来新的突破。文章就结直肠转移癌中PD-1/PD-L1表达特点进行综述。

The combination of programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and its ligand 1 (PD-L1) can inhibit and deplete T lymphocyte function, thereby inducing immune tolerance, enabling tumor cells to escape the attack of immune cells and promoting the growth and metastasis of tumors. At the same time, the high expression of PD-1/PD-L1 can enhance metastatic ability of tumors and lead to increased mortality, and the treatment of inhibiting PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway has been proved effective in many tumors. However, the traditional treatment methods are limited for the treatment of colorectal metastatic cancer. The emergence of immunotherapy may bring new breakthroughs for the treatment of colorectal metastatic cancer. This article reviews the characteristics of expressions of PD-1/PD-L1 in colorectal metastases.