从京津关系演变看天津在中国北方的经济定位

Tianjin’s Economic Orientation in Northern China Observed from the Evolution of Beijing and Tianjin Relations

北京和天津的相互关系,既非平等互助的一般城市关系,也非隶属严格的中央地方关系。而是经过明清以来不同政治、经济环境的长期砥砺,始终处于磨合与调适之中的、城市与区域空间结构,特别是中心城市的功能定位问题。尤其是进入近代以后,随着中国北方的主导产业结构,由内向型农牧业向外向型工商业的渐次转变,华北地区的城市体系也由以北京为中心的“都城—治所”体系,逐步向以天津为中心的“口岸—市镇”体系变异,进而影响到该区域城市化和经济现代化的路径、水平与成效。切实理顺京津关系,真正做到以天津为经济中心,有利于中国北方经济的持续健康发展。

The relationship between Beijing and Tianjin is neither equal and mutual assistance,nor a strict central and local relationship,In fact,it is the urban and regional spatial structure especially a function orientation of the central city,which grinded and adjusted for a long time in the political and economic environment of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Especially after the modern times,the leading industrial structure in northern China transformed gradually from the introverted agriculture and animal husbandry to the extroverted industrial and commercial industry,the urban system in North China changed gradually from the “capital city” system centered on Beijing to the “port city” system centered on Tianjin too.All these changes have been deeply affected the path,level and effectiveness of the regional urbanization and economic modernization.Straighten out the relationship between Beijing and Tianjin and focus on Tianjin truly will be conducive to the development sustained and healthy of China' s northern economy.