江苏邳州煎药庙西晋墓地发掘

THE EXCAVATION OF JIANYAOMIAO CEMETERY IN PIZHOU CITY

煎药庙西晋墓地位于江苏邳州新河镇陈滩村煎药庙(图一),于土地改造工程取土时发现。地理坐标为北纬34.20782°,东经118.02313°,高程23米。2015年7月至2016年9月,南京博物院、徐州博物馆、邳州市博物馆三家单位组成联合考古队对其进行了调查、勘探与抢救性发掘。

At Jianyaomiao Cemetery of the Western Jin Dynasty,nine tombs were excavated.Because they had not been looted or disturbed before excavation,their structures and grave goods were well preserved,which made them an important discovery of the Western Jin Archaeology in northern Jiangsu.The tombs in this cemetery were arranged into two rows from north to south,and all of them were tandem double-chamber tombs in large scales,some of which had black screen wall in the antechamber,as well as stone reliefs.From these tombs,nautilus cup,glass bowl,eared cups made of shell,golden earrings,and other artifacts showing the high-ranking aristocrat statuses of the tomb occupants were unearthed.The celadon pot with dish-shaped rim,pot with cock-shaped spout,granary jar,water pitcher in the shape of bixie-guardian beast unearthed from these tombs were all typical artifacts of the Western Jin Dynasty.The stone reliefs found in these tombs were reused ones of the Eastern Han Dynasty.The inscription "Xiapi Guo Xian Jianzhong Li Mou Xianbo Zhongbo Xiaobo(Xianbo,Zhongbo and Xiaobo of the Jianzhong Ward of Xiapi District,Xiapi State)"seen on the bricks of the retaining wall of tomb M8 showed that this cemetery was that of a highranking aristocrat family of the Xiapi State during the Western Jin Dynasty.The excavation of this cemetery completely unveiled the assemblages of the grave goods of this type of burials of the Western Jin Dynasty and the relationships between their locations in the graves and the burials,all of which are significantly meaningful for the studies on the funeral and interment institutions of the Western Jin Dynasty.The nautilus cup and glass bowl unearthed from these tombs reflected the maritime trade and cultural communication between the East and West at that time;the coexistence of the celadon wares made in the south and brownglazed stonewares made in the north in the graves showed the northward diffusion of the celadon wares from the south,and the cultural communication and fusion represented by the circulations of commodities between the north and south.Meanwhile,the excavation of this cemetery is important for the study on the history of the Xiapi State during the Western Jin Dynasty.