要素分工新发展与中国新一轮高水平开放战略调整

New Development of Factor Division and Adjustment of China's New Round of High-level Open Strategy

改革开放40年来,中国抓住了全球要素分工发展带来的战略机遇,实现了开放型经济的高速增长。当前,面临国内外环境的深刻变化,中国亟待发展新一轮高水平开放。总体来看,在商品和一般性生产要素跨国流动已基本实现自由化后,全球要素分工演进呈现出以"逆向创新""、研发国际化"等为主要表现的新趋势和新特点,全球经济规则正在从以往"边境开放"向"境内开放"的高标准化方向发展。面临上述变化,中国必须尽快实现六个方面的战略转变,即在行为方式上,实现从主动融合向积极推动的战略转变;在要素集聚上,实现从一般要素向创新要素的战略转变;在资源整合上,实现从单向引进向双向循环的战略转变;在产业领域上,实现从制造领域向服务拓展的战略转变;在开放政策上,实现从优惠政策向竞争政策的战略转变;在规则制度上,实现从被动接受向主动参与的战略转变。如此,才能抓住新一轮全球要素分工演变发展带来的新机遇,推动开放型经济发展迈向更高层次和更高水平。

In the past 40 years of reform and opening up, China has seized the strategic opportunities brought about by the development of global factor division of labor and has achieved rapid growth of the open economy. At present, facing the profound changes in the domestic and international environment, China is in urgent need of a new round of high-level opening. In general, after the liberalization of the transnational flow of commodities and general production factors, the evolution of global factor division has presented new trends and new features, mainly characterized by "reverse innovation" and "research and development internationalization". The global economy rules are developing from the high standardization direction of"open border"to"open territory". Faced with the above changes, China must realize the strategic transformation of six aspects as soon as possible,that is, to realize the strategic transformation from active integration to active promotion in terms of behavior;to realize the strategic transformation from general elements to innovation elements in the concentration of factors;to realize the strategic transformation from one-way introduction to two-way circulation in terms of resources integration;to realize the strategic transformation from manufacturing to service expansion in the industrial field;to realize the strategic transformation from preferential policy to competition policy in open policy;and to achieve a strategic shift from passive acceptance to active participation in regulation. In this way, we can seize the new opportunities brought about by the evolution of the new round of global factor division and promote the development of open economy to a higher level.