主要国家新型植物育种技术监管现状综述

Review on Supervision Current Situation of New Plant Breeding Techniques Regulatory in Major Countries

近年来分子生物学和生物技术的快速发展促成了一批在育种中具有重要应用前景的新型植物育种技术。重点介绍了位点特异性诱变、同源转基因、转基因阴性诱导系选育、农杆菌浸润和转基因砧木嫁接五类新型植物育种技术,探讨了研发产品能否归类于转基因生物产品及其监管等方面的焦点问题,梳理了国外在健全相关监管体系方面的做法,并针对这些问题提出符合我国国情的发展建议。

In recent years,the rapid development of molecular biology and biotechnology has spawned a number of new type plant breeding techniques with important application prospect. The paper mainly introduced 5 new plant breeding techniques,including site specific mutagenesis,cisgenesis/instragenesis,breeding with transgenic inducer line,agro-infiltration techniques and GM rootstock grafting,and also discussed the focus issues on whether new products generated with these new plant breeding techniques could be classified as GMO and how could they be effectively regulated by the governments in detail. The paper also sorted out common practices conducted abroad in optimizing the relevant supervision systems,and put forward suggestions suitable in China realistic condition.