新常态下陶瓷企业车间员工职业压力问题研究——以佛山市M企业为例

Research on Occupational Stress of Workshop Staff in Ceramic Enterprisesunder the New Normal Background——Taking M Enterprises in Foshan as an Example

在经济下行,市场需求增长也随之减缓的新常态背景下,陶瓷企业的经营压力骤增,且直接转化为员工的职业压力。运用文献法、观察法、问卷法和访谈法等方法,对佛山建筑陶瓷企业车间员工的职业压力表现、职业压力来源等方面进行了详细调查和分析,发现陶瓷企业车间员工的职业压力突出表现为身体普遍存在睡眠质量不高、食欲不振和头晕耳鸣等症状,心理上出现焦虑、紧张等问题,以及人际关系方面较为封闭,不喜欢参加社会和企业的各项活动等特征。陶瓷行业面临的整体困境、企业增加员工的工作量以进一步侵占劳动者的剩余价值、一线恶劣的工作环境等因素是造成当前车间员工职业压力问题的主要原因。

Under the New Normal background with the downward economy and the slowdown of market demand growth, the operating pressure of ceramic enterprises has increased sharply, and has directly translated into the occupational pressure of employees. By using the methods of literature review, observation, questionnai re and interview, this paper makes a detailed investigation and analysis on the occupational pressure manifestations and sources of the employees in the workshops of Foshan M Ceramic Construction Enterprise. It is found that employees' occupational stress in the workshops of ceramic enterprises is manifested by their poor sleep quality and appetite, dizziness and tinnitus and other symptoms, psychological anxiety, tension and other problems, as well as a relatively closed interpersonal relationship, no interests to parti cipate in social and enterprise activities and other characteristics. The main causes of the current occupational stress of workshop staff include the overall dilemma the ceramic industry has faced, the increase of employees' workload for enterprises to further encroach on the surplus value of workers, the bad working environment of production line and other factors.