产β-香树脂醇酿酒酵母细胞构建及高密度发酵

Study of heterologous efficient synthesis of β-amyrin and high-density fermentation

该研究通过异源表达甘草来源β-香树脂醇合成酶(β-AS),成功在实验室前期保存的酿酒酵母底盘细胞中构β-香树脂醇的合成途径,实现了利用酿酒酵母生产β-香树脂醇,发酵质量浓度达5.97 mg·L^(-1)。通过进一步过表达酵母MVA途径的甲羟戊酸焦磷酸脱羧酶基因(ERG19),甲羟戊酸激酶基因(ERG12),3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰-CoA合酶基因(ERG13),磷酸甲羟戊酸激酶基因(ERG8)和异戊烯二磷酸酯异构酶基因(IDI1),促进酵母代谢流走向β-香树脂醇合成方向,最终成功获得Y2-C2-4工程菌株,将β-香树脂醇浓度提高一倍,达到10.3 mg·L^(-1)。通过高密度发酵策略,该菌株其β-香树脂醇的产量可达到157.4 mg·L^(-1),相对于原始菌株提高了26倍,为公开报道基因工程酵母合成β-香树脂醇的较高产量。该研究不仅为β-香树脂醇生物合成奠定了基础,也为后期研究细胞色素氧化酶及糖基转移酶的挖掘提供优势底盘菌株。

In this study, the synthetic pathway of β-amyrin was constructed in the pre-constructed Saccharomyces cerevisiae chassis strain Y0 by introducing β-amyrin synthase from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, resulting strain Y1-C20-6, which successfully produced β-amyrin up to 5.97 mg·L-1. Then, the mevalonate pyrophosphate decarboxylase gene(ERG19), mevalonate kinase gene(ERG12), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase gene(ERG13), phosphomevalonate kinase gene(ERG8) and IPP isomerase gene(IDI1)were overexpressed to promoted the metabolic fluxto the direction of β-amyrin synthesis for further improving β-amyrin production, resulting the strain Y2-C2-4 which produced β-amyrin of 10.3 mg·L-1under the shake flask fermentation condition. This is 100% higher than that of strain Y1-C20-6, illustrating the positive effect of the metabolic engineering strategy applied in this study. The titer of β-amyrin was further improved up to 157.4 mg·L^-1 in the fed-batch fermentation, which was almost 26 fold of that produced by strain Y1-C20-6. This study not only laid the foundation for the biosynthesis of β-amyrin but also provided a favorable chassis strain for elucidation of cytochrome oxidases and glycosyltransferases of β-amyrin-based triterpenoids.