江西齐云山国家级自然保护区大型真菌区系特征研究

Flora of Macrofungal in Qiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve of Jiangxi

为揭示江西齐云山国家级自然保护区内大型真菌资源及区系特征,采用随机调查法对该区大型真菌进行调查研究,结果表明:(1)该保护区共有大型真菌40科88属180种,其中子囊菌门2科4属10种,担子菌门38科84属170种;(2)优势科为多孔科、牛肝菌科、红菇科、侧耳科和口蘑科,共计93种,占总种数的51.67%;(3)优势属为红菇属、牛肝属、云芝属、香菇属、小孔菌属、马勃属,共计38种,占总种数的21.11%;(4)从属的区系地理成分上划分为世界分布成分(72.72%)、泛热带成分(15.91%)、北温带成分(10. 23%)和东亚-北美分布成分(1.14%);(5)从种的地理成分上划分为世界分布种(53.33%)、热带-亚热带分布种(11.67%)、东亚-北美间断分布种(11.11%)、北温带分布种(10.00%)、东亚分布种(3.33%)、中国-日本共有种(3. 33%)、中国特有种(2. 78%)、温带-亚热带、热带分布种(1. 67%)、北温带-澳大利亚分布种(1. 11%)、欧亚大陆分布种(1.11%)及温带分布种(0.56%) 11个分布类型。齐云山自然保护区大型真菌表现出从亚热带向北温带过渡的区系特征。

To reveal the resources of macrofungi and their floristic features in Qiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province,the random investigations were performed. The result shows that(1) there are total of 180 species of 88 genera which belong to 40 families of macrofungi in this area(10 and 170 of them belong to Ascomycete and Basidiomycota,respectively).(2) The dominant families are Polyporaceae, Baletaceae, Russulaceae, Tricholomataceae and Pleurotaceae,the species of the 5 families account for 51.67%.(3) The dominant genera are Russula,Boletus,Coriolus,Lentinus,Microporus and Lycoperdon,the species account for 21. 11%.(4) Regarding of the compositiont,the genera are grouped into 4 geographical elements,i.e. Cosmopolitan element(72. 72%), Pantropical element(15. 91%), North Temperate element(10. 23%) and East Asia-North America element(1.14%).(5) The species could also be divided into 11 geographical elements: Cosmopolitan(53. 33%), Tropical or Subtropical species(11. 67%),East Asia-North America species(11.11%),North Temperate species(10.00%),East Asia species(3. 33%),Chinese and Japanese species(3. 33%)、Chinese endemic species(2. 78%),Temperate-Subtropical & Tropical species(1. 67%), North Temperate-Australia species(1.11%),Europe-Asia species(1.11%) and Temperate zone species(0.56%). This suggests the striking mycoflora characteristic of transition from a subtropical to a north temperate distribution.