组胺与固有免疫细胞分化在冠心病研究中的新认识

New insights into histamine and innate immune cell differentiation in coronary heart disease

冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(CHD)是一种常见的临床慢性心脏疾病。上世纪九十年代提出的动脉粥样硬化(As)"炎症学说",已成为心血管领域的基础和转化医学研究热点之一。炎症与免疫反应在As的炎症微环境形成中发挥了关键的作用,异常的免疫反应促进了As的发生,影响了急性心肌梗死后的心肌损伤和组织修复。组胺(histamine)是一个具有多种生物学活性的小分子化学物质,参与机体多样的生理和病理作用。组胺对固有免疫细胞和适应免疫细胞的分化和功能均有重要的调控作用,参与CHD的发生发展。组胺及其细胞内下游信号分子,成为CHD靶向药物研发的重要参考。

Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) is a common clinical chronic heart disease. Inflammation and immune response play pivotal roles in the development of atherosclerosis and ischemic myocardial diseases, and have become the focuses of cardiovascular disease research. Abnormal inflammatory immune response promotes atherogenesis and affects myocardial injury and tissue repair after acute myocardial infarction. Histidine decarboxylase (HDC) is the unique enzyme responsible for histamine generation. Histamine is a biogenic amine that has multiple functions through the activation of its widely distributed histamine receptors. Histamine regulates the differentiation and function of innate immune cells and adaptive immune cells. Recent studies have identified the new cellular source of histamine in immune cells and in ischemic myocardial injury. Targeting histamine and its downstream signaling molecules may provide new research strategies for the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease.