狱内罪犯自杀危险性评估工具的研制及应用

Development and Application of Risk Assessment Tool of Inmate Suicide

罪犯自杀既遂案件在我国监狱内发生的比例并不高,但因其涉警、涉囚、涉非正常死亡,往往会置监狱于媒体监督和社会舆论的风口浪尖,进而一再考量民警和监狱排查、筛选出有自杀意图罪犯的能力和技术。使用精算方法辅助决策和判断已经是许多行业领域发展不可逆转的趋势。虽然基于精算方法的罪犯自杀危险性评估量表也陆续被开发并运用于监狱基层实践中,但在实际使用过程中仍遇到基层民警较强的抵触情绪。以狱内自杀评估为例对罪犯危险性评估在我国监狱工作中的应用和未来的发展提出探讨和反思,可以对刑事司法领域精算方法的引进和运用起到推动作用,并促进我国监狱工作由反应式向预测式警务工作模式的转型。

The rate of inmate suicide is not high in China's prisons. As for the cases are related with police, inmate and unnatural death , prisons are often pushed to the cusp of media supervision and public opinion, and the capacity of prison officials to identify suicidal inmates calls into question. The assist of actuarial methods to in decision - making and judgments has been an irreversible trend in vast areas. Although the risk assessment scale of inmate suicide based on actuarial methods has been developed and applied in prisons, there has been apparent resistance from officials at the preliminary level. Taking inmate suicide assessment for example, this paper introduces its implementation and discusses its future development in order to further the introduction and application of actuarial methods in the field of criminal justice. Thus present prison work could be promoted and transformed from a reactive to predictive model.