基于平衡双方利益需要的医患权利义务关系实证分析

Empirical Analysis on the Relationship between Doctors and Patients' Rights and Responsibility Based on Balancing the Needs of Both Parties

目的:研究医患双方在住院医生开立医嘱过程中的利益关系,有助于了解该环节双方的权利需求落差,为解决医疗纠纷提供参考依据。方法:采用访谈法、问卷调查法了解医患双方对于该环节各自权利义务的认知情况。结果:患者权利方面:患者主张医生有义务保证药物效果好、对症下药、指导患者用药、为患者节省费用;医生主张与患者有效沟通、自主选择权、风险副作用知情权。医生权利方面:患者主张患者有义务遵医嘱、得到患者配合;医生主张独立自主的处方权、得到患者配合、患方应对病情负责。患者对医疗服务效率、费用、药效及副作用知情权、自主选择权、指导用药评价不佳,医生认为未能得到患者的尊重理解。结论:医患双方对权利认知差异过大,患者责任意识不高,对医生宽容度低,医生未能发现患者的实际心理需求。为平衡双方利益,缓解纠纷,医生需要改变告知患者信息的方法,提高工作效率并充分指导患者,患者应提高义务意识,理性就医。

Objective: To study the interest relationship between doctors and patients in the process of opening a doctor*s order for a resident doctor can help to understand the gap between the rights and needs of both parties in the link and provide references for solving medical disputes. Methods: Interviews and questionnaires were used to understand their respective rights and obligations of doctors and patients. Results: In terms of patient rights: the patients advocated that the doctors have the obligation to ensure that the drug was effective, refusing excessive medical care, guide the patient to use the drug, and save money for the patients;the doctors advocate effective communication with the patient, the right to choose, and the right to know the side effects. In terms of doctor's rights: patients advocated that patients are obliged to comply with doctor's advice and cooperate with doctor;doctors advocate independent prescription rights, getting patient cooperation, and patients should be responsible for the disease. The patients were not satisfied with medical service efficiency, cost, the right to understand the efficacy and side effects, self-selection right, and medication guidance, doctors believed that they can not obtained respect and understanding from the patients. Conclusion: Both doctors and patients had too much difference in their rights perceptions. Patient responsibility was not high, their tolerance to doctors is low, and doctors failed to discover the actual psychological needs of patients. In order to balance the interests of both parties and alleviate disputes, doctors need to change the way to inform patients, improve work efficiency and fully guide patients. Patients should raise their awareness of duty and seek medical treatment rationally.