经颅直流电刺激对记忆功能的影响

The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on memory function

记忆功能是人脑认知的核心成分,记忆损害显著影响人的日常生活和社会能力,而现有的认知训练或药物治疗未能有效改善记忆功能。近年来脑科学研究的新技术新方法不断涌现,特别是神经调控技术,如经颅直流电刺激能显著调控认知能力,有效促进记忆功能。经颅直流电刺激是一种无创、安全,能调节大脑皮质活动,通过改变大脑皮质的兴奋性,起到调控大脑功能的作用的技术。目前国内外已有研究报道经颅直流电刺激技术能促进记忆功能,有效改善记忆损害,并已将此技术推广至临床疾病的诊疗应用,但其作用机制尚不明确。本文主要就经颅直流电刺激对促进不同类型记忆功能的相关机制及应用进行综述,为记忆障碍的早期干预和治疗提供依据。

Memory function is the core component of human brain cognition. Memory impairment significantly affects people's daily life and social ability, but existing cognitive training or drug therapy can not effectively improve memory function. In recent years, new techniques and methods have been emerging in brain science research, especially neural regulation techniques, such as transcranial electrical / magnetic stimulation, which can significantly regulate cognitive ability and effectively promote memory function. Transcranial direct current stimulation is a kind of noninvasive and safe technique.It can regulate cerebral cortex activity by changing the cerebral cortex excitability, and play a role in regulating brain function. At present, there have been reports at home and abroad that transcranial direct current stimulation can promote memory function and improve memory effectively. This technique is applied to the diagnosis and treatment of clinical diseases, but its mechanism is not clear. This article reviews the mechanism and application of transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS) in promoting different types of memory function in order to provide evidence for early intervention and treatment of memory impairment.