耐迟播抗赤霉病小麦新品种金运麦1号的选育经过及栽培技术

Breeding Process and Cultivation Techniques of New Wheat Variety Jinyunmai 1 with Resistance to Late Sowing and Scab

金运麦1号出叶快、分蘖早,长势旺盛,生长优势明显,具有耐迟播的优良特性。在参加浙江省区域试验和生产试验中,平均全生育期175 d左右,与对照品种扬麦158(本地区推广品种中较早熟品种)相当;金运麦1号在2014—2015年度浙江省区试中,平均产量5 080.5 kg/hm^2,较对照品种扬麦158增产9.40%,增产点次率100.00%;2015—2016年度区试中,平均产量3 806.7 kg/hm^2,较对照品种扬麦158增产4.35%,增产点次率71.43%;2016—2017年度生产试验结果 ,平均产量5 016 kg/hm^2,较对照扬麦158增产6.80%,增产点次率100%;金运麦1号连续5年在江苏、浙江省的赤霉病接种保湿鉴定结果 ,均为中抗-抗(MR-R);各地初步试验(种)和小面积示范结果 ,浙江一般产量5 250 kg/hm^2左右;江苏一般产量6 000～6 750 kg/hm^2,高产地区及田块可达7 500 kg/hm^2左右;适合江淮下游稻麦两熟制地区种植,尤其适合本地区的中晚熟(直播)水稻茬选用。本文中阐述了金运麦1号的选育经过,总结了其特征特性,介绍了其栽培技术,以期为该品种的推广种植提供参考。

Jinyunmai 1 has fast leaf emergence,early tillering,vigorous growth and obvious growth advantage,thus has the excellent characteristics of late sowing resistance.In the regional trial and production test of Zhejiang Province,the average full growth period was about 175 d,which was comparable to the control variety Yangmai 158(a more mature variety among the local promoted varieties).In the 2014-2015 regional trial of Zhejiang Province,average output of Jinyunmai 1 reached 5 080.5 kg/hm^2,which was 9.40 % higher than the control variety Yangmai 158,and the rate of yield-increasing point was 100.00%.In the 2015-2016 regional trial of Zhejiang Province,average output of Jinyunmai 1 reached 3 806.7 kg/hm2,which was 4.35% higher than the control variety Yangmai 158,and the rate of yield-increasing point was 71.43%.In the 2016-2017 regional trial of Zhejiang Province,average output of Jinyunmai 1 reached 5 016 kg/hm^2,which was 6.80% higher than the control variety Yangmai 158,and the rate of yield-increasing point was 100.00%.The 5-year continuous identification results of moisturizing inoculation against wheat scab showed that Jinyunmai 1 has middle anti-resistance(MR-R).The results of preliminary test(trial planting)and small area demonstration showed that the yield of Jinyunmai 1 reached 5 250 kg/hm^2 in Zhejiang,6 000-6 750 kg/hm^2 in Jiangsu,and 7 500 kg/hm^2 in high-yield areas.Jinyunmai 1 is suitable for planting in rice and wheat two-ripened areas in the lower reaches of Jianghuai,and it is particularly suitable for planting after medium and late ripening(direct seeding)rice in local area.This paper described the breeding process,summarized its characteristics,and introduced the cultivation techniques,so as to provide references for extension and plating of this variety.