基于共词分析的中国互联网政策变迁:历史、逻辑与未来

The Changes of Chinese Internet Policy Based on Co-word Analysis: History, Logic and Future

[目的/意义]互联网政策分析是实现互联网政策可持续供给的重要环节。为了揭示中国互联网政策的阶段性特征及其变迁逻辑,思考其未来趋势与优化着力点。[方法/过程]以1994年至2017年间213份中央层面的互联网政策文件作为研究样本,在政策变迁理论视野下,运用共词分析、多维尺度分析等方法,从高频词、政策主题、政策工具等角度对其进行文本挖掘。[结果/结论]研究发现,中国互联网政策大致经历了5个发展阶段,各阶段呈现不同的政策特征,整体上反映了政策理念从"政府管理"到"共同治理",政策体系从"垃圾桶模式"到"问题导向"再到"战略布局",政策过程从重"事前控制"到平衡"事中-事后控制"的变迁逻辑。基于此,进一步探讨了中国互联网政策的演化动力及未来趋势,并通过建立"互联网政策体系的钻石模型"思考了完善和改进的着力点。

[Purpose/Significance ]Internet policy analysis is an important link in realizing the sustainable supply of Internet policy.In order to reveal the phased characteristics of China's Internet policy and its logic of change, reflections on the future trends and optimizing strategies are needed.[Method/Process ]Taking 213 Internet policy documents at the central level from 1994 to 2017 as research samples, using co-word analysis and multi-dimensional scale analysis, the study tried to mine the text from the perspectives of high-frequency words, policy themes and policy tools.[Result/Conclusion ]The development of China's Internet policy generally experienced five stages, each showing different characteristics.The changing logics include policy concept change from "government management" to "co-governance", policy system change from the "garbage can model" to "problem-orientation", then to "strategic layout", the policy process focus change from "advance control" to balancing "intermediate control and afterwards control".Based on this analysis, the study also discussed the evolutionary dynamics and trends of China's Internet policy, and explored the focus of improvement through the establishment of "Diamond Model of Internet Policy System".