近代以来国人的旅行观及其嬗变——以《旅行杂志》为对象的考察

Chinese Concept of Travelling in Modern Times——TRAVEL Magazine as the Object of Investigation

旅行观,是人们对旅行的功能、价值、目的等的认知与观点的集合。它既反映了特定的社会思想文化,又指导着旅行的实践及书写。总的来说,中国近代以来的旅行观,是在传统个人中心型旅行观基础上发展嬗变的。清末民初,在国族主义思潮的浸润下,旅行被视为建构民族国家、实现国家复兴的途径,旅行的动机与目的皆出于对国家的关怀,从而形成国族主义旅行观,并在抗战时期得到普遍践行。中华人民共和国建立初期,国人旅行观再次发生嬗变,旅行的政治化日益加深,旅行成为政治实践的途径与工具,旅行的价值、意义等皆取决于它与政治结合的紧密程度,可称为政治主导型旅行观。

The concept of travel is a collection of people's cognition and viewpoints on the function,value and purpose of travel.It not only reflects the specific social ideology and culture,but also guides the practices and writings of travelling.In general,the concept of travel in modern China has evolved on the basis of the traditional individual center-based travel concept.Around the turn of the 20th century,under the influence of nationalism,travelling was regarded as the way to construct the nation-state and realize the national revival.The motivation and purpose of travelling were out of national concern,thus forming a nationalist view of travelling,which was a common practice during the period of Anti-Japanese War.In the early days after the founding of the People's Republic of China,the concept of traveling changed again.The politicization of travelling deepened further.Travelling became a way and tool of political practice.The value and significance of travelling were determined by its close connection with politics,which can be called the politically dominant travel concept.