经皮肾镜激光碎石术治疗尿路结石的围术期针对性护理效果探讨

Perioperative Nursing Effect of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Laser Lithotripsy for Urinary Calculi

目的研究探讨经皮肾镜激光碎石术治疗尿路结石的围术期针对性护理的应用效果。方法选取该院于2017年1月—2018年6月期间收治的240例尿路结石患者进行此次研究,按照数字随机法,随机分为两组,对照组与观察组,对照组采用常规护理方法,观察组患者采用围术期针对性护理,对比两组患者的术后感染、出血、反应性胸腔积液并发症的发生率,两组患者的下床时间、引流管拔除时间、住院时间以及术后满意度。结果对照组患者术后并发症发生率为44.16%,观察组患者术后并发症发生率为8.33%,对照组患者的术后并发症发生率明显高于观察组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.561,P<0.05);手术结束后,比较两组患者的引流管拔除、下床与住院时间,对照组患者的引流管拔除时间、下床时间、住院时间都长于观察组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者术后满意度比较,观察组患者的术后总满意度为99.16%,对照组患者的术后满意度为81.66%,对照组患者的术后总满意度明显低于观察组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=8.753,P<0.05)。结论经皮肾镜激光碎石术治疗尿路结石的围术期针对性护理能够有效的减少术后感染、出血、反应性胸腔积液并发症的发生率,缩短患者的下床时间、引流管拔除时间、住院时间,同时更能够提高患者的满意度,在临床治疗护理中,值得广泛的推荐与应用。

Objective To investigate the application effect of percutaneous nephrolithotomy with laser lithotripsy in the treatment of urinary calculi.Methods The patients with 240 urinary tract stones admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to June 2018 were enrolled in this study.They were randomly divided into two groups according to the numerical randomization method.The control group used roution nursing method.Patients in the observation group were treated with perioperative targeted care.The incidence of postoperative infection,hemorrhage,and reactive pleural effusion complications were compared between the two groups.The time of bed-out,drainage tube removal time,and hospitalization time and postoperative satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results The postoperative complication rate was 44.16%in the control group and 8.33%in the observation group.The postoperative complication rate in the control group was significantly higher than that in the observation group.The difference was statistically significant(χ^2=6.561,P<0.05);After the operation,the drainage tube was removed,the time of bed-out and hospitalization were compared between the two groups.The drainage tube removal time,bed-out time and hospitalization time of the control group were longer than those of the observation group,being statistically significant(P<0.05);postoperative satisfaction was compared between the two groups.The total postoperative satisfaction of the observation group was 99.16%,and the postoperative satisfaction of the control group was 81.66%.After the total satisfaction was significantly lower than the observation group,the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=8.753,P<0.05).Conclusion Perioperative nursing for urinary tract calculi with percutaneous nephrolithotomy can effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative infection,hemorrhage,reactive pleural effusion complications,shorten the patient's bedtime,drainage tube time and hospitalization time to improve patient satisfaction,and it is worthy of extensive recommendation and application in clinical treatment and nursing.