高山草原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)洞口密度与植被物种和土壤性质的关系:以申扎县为例

Relationship between plateau pika(Ochotona curzoniae) burrow entrance densities and the density of different plant species and soil properties in alpine steppe:A case study of Shenza County

本研究以高山草原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)为研究对象,对5个不同鼠洞密度梯度的草地生境、植物群落组成、土壤养分以及地上生物量研究分析。结果表明:1)草地生境土壤温度、容重与鼠兔洞口数量呈显著负相关关系(P <0.05),而植物群落中高山豆(Tibetia himalaica)数量的变化与鼠兔洞口数量变化相一致;2)随着鼠兔洞口数量的增多,土壤养分(土壤全碳、全氮、全磷、有机碳、速效氮和速效磷)含量增加,但未通过显著性水平检验(P>0.05),地上生物量显著增多(P <0.05),但是地上植物多样性却显著降低(P <0.05)。研究结果揭示了高原鼠兔更偏好于保暖性好和干燥的土壤,以及棘豆类植物主要分布的草地;此外,高原鼠兔洞口数量的增加,在一定范围内,能够改善高寒草原的土壤营养环境,促进地上生物量的增长。

We investigated the relationship between plateau pika(Ochotona curzoniae)burrow entrance densities and soil physical properties,soil chemical properties,species composition and aboveground biomass(AGB)in an alpine grassland in Xianza County.The results indicated that:1)soil physical properties(soil temperature and soil bulk density)declined as the number of pika burrow entrances increased(P<0.05),while the number of pika burrow entrances increased as the density of Tibetia himalaica increased;and 2)as burrow entrance density increased,the concentration of soil nutrients(soil total carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,organic carbon,available nitrogen and available phosphorus)increased(although the correlation was not significant at P>0.05),the diversity of plants decreased(P<0.05),and the aboveground biomass increased(P<0.05).Plateau pika preferred warm and dry soils,and grassland where Oxytropis glacialis was present.The increase in the number of plateau pika,up to a certain point,improves the soil nutrient status and increases the aboveground biomass of alpine grasslands.