颠覆经典,重建人类进程——论《加拉帕格斯群岛》中的戏仿

Destructing Classics and Reconstructing Human Progress —— Parody in “Galapagos Islands”

戏仿是后现代小说中常见的文学手法之一,是指通过对已确立的模式的破坏性模仿,达到对历史、文本或意识形态的颠覆和讽刺的目的。冯内古特在《加拉帕格斯群岛》中,通过对进化论和《圣经》故事的戏仿,颠覆了历史经典,重建了人类进化过程,表现出冯内古特对现实世界的批判,对历史的反思,以及对人类未来发展的强烈关注。

Parody is a common literary skill in post-modern novels,which is realized by breaking a fixed model to criticize and satirize history,texts or ideology. Vonnegut,in “Galapagos Islands”,parodied evolution and Christian stories to destruct historical classics and reconstruct the course human progress,from which his critical ideas against the actual world,reflections upon history,and consideration on human future are expressed.