饲粮铜添加水平对产蛋期种鹅生产性能、繁殖性能、蛋品质和血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Dietary Copper Supplemental Level on Performance,Reproduction Performance,Egg Quality and Serum Biochemical Parameters of Breeding Geese during Laying Period

本试验旨在研究饲粮铜添加水平对产蛋期种鹅生产性能、繁殖性能、蛋品质和血清生化指标的影响。选择33周龄体况相近的种鹅120只,随机分为6组,每组4个重复,每个重复5只鹅(1公4母)。各组(Ⅰ～Ⅵ组)饲粮铜添加水平分别为0、4、6、8、10、12 mg/kg。预试期1周,正试期10周。结果表明:1)Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组的周产蛋量显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05或P<0.01),Ⅲ组的产蛋率显著或极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组(P <0.05或P <0.01),Ⅴ和Ⅵ组的平均日采食量显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅲ和Ⅵ组的料蛋比显著或极显著低于Ⅰ和Ⅳ组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。2)Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组的种蛋合格率显著或极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅵ组(P <0.05或P <0.01),Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组的种蛋受精率显著或极显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组(P<0.05或P<0.01),Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组的种蛋孵化率显著或极显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组(P<0.05或P<0.01),Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组的健雏率显著或极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅵ组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。3)饲粮铜添加水平对蛋重、蛋形指数、蛋比重、蛋壳厚度、蛋黄比率、蛋白高度、哈氏单位、蛋黄颜色影响不显著(P>0.05)。Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组的蛋壳强度显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。4)Ⅲ组的血清总蛋白含量显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅴ组的血清碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅴ和Ⅵ组的血清尿素氮含量显著或极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。由此可见,饲粮中添加适宜水平铜对产蛋期种鹅生产性能、繁殖性能、蛋壳强度有显著影响,建议产蛋期种鹅饲粮铜添加水平5.75～7.17 mg/kg。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary copper supplemental level on performance,reproduction performance,egg quality and serum biochemical parameters of breeding geese during laying period.A total of 120 thirty-three-week-old breeding geese with the similar body condition were randomly divided into 6 groups with 4 replicates per group and 5 geese per replicate(1 male and 4 female).Geese in the 6 groups(groupsⅠtoⅥ)were fed basal diets supplemented with 0,4,6,8,10 and 12 mg/kg copper,respectively.The pre-experimental period lasted for 1 week,and the experimental period lasted for 10 weeks.The results showed as follows:1)the weekly egg production of groupsⅢ,ⅣandⅤwas significantly higher than that of groupⅠ(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the laying rate of groupⅢwas significantly higher than that of groupsⅠ,Ⅳ,ⅤandⅥ(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the average daily feed intake of groupsⅤandⅥwas significantly lower than that of groupⅠ(P<0.05),and the feed to egg ratio of groupsⅢandⅥwas significantly lower than that of groupsⅠandⅣ(P<0.05 or P<0.01).2)The hatching egg qualified rate of groupsⅢ,ⅣandⅤwas significantly higher than that of groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅥ(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the hatching egg fertilization rate of groupsⅢ,Ⅳ,ⅤandⅥwas significantly higher than that of groupsⅠandⅡ(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the hatching egg hatching rate of groupsⅢ,ⅣandⅤwas significantly higher than that of groupsⅠandⅡ(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the healthy rate of groupsⅢ,ⅣandⅤwas significantly higher than that of groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅥ(P<0.05 or P<0.01).3)Dietary copper supplemental level had no significant effects on egg weight,egg shape index,egg specific gravity,eggshell thickness,yolk ratio,albumen height,Haugh unit and yolk color(P>0.05).The eggshell strength of groupsⅡ,ⅢⅣ,ⅤandⅥwas significantly higher than that of groupⅠ(P<0.05).4)The serum total protein content of groupⅢwas significantly higher than that of groupⅠ(P<0.05),the serum alkaline phosphatase activity of groupⅤwas significantly higher than that of groupⅠ(P<0.05),and the serum urea nitrogen content of groupsⅤandⅥwas significantly higher than that of groupsⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢandⅣ(P<0.05 or P<0.01).In conclusion,dietary suitable copper supplemental level has significant effects on performance,reproductive performance and eggshell strength of breeding geese during laying period;it is suggested that the dietary copper supplemental level of breeding geese during laying period is 5.75 to 7.17 mg/kg.