纯电动汽车复合储能系统及其能量控制策略

Composite energy storage system and its energy control strategy for electric vehicles

针对纯电动汽车行驶里程不足、蓄电池使用寿命短等问题,研究了由蓄电池、超级电容和双向DC-DC变换器组成的复合储能系统。为实现能量的合理分配,分别制定了逻辑门限控制策略和模糊控制策略。利用电动汽车仿真软件搭建了整车仿真模型,从而进行仿真研究。得出复合储能系统中蓄电池电流、超级电容电流和蓄电池荷电状态特性曲线,并与蓄电池单独供电的仿真结果进行对比。为验证复合储能系统控制策略的可行性和有效性,搭建了复合储能系统实验平台,对纯电动汽车的驱动与制动过程进行实验研究。仿真和实验结果表明复合储能系统及其控制策略能有效地降低蓄电池充放电电流,回收制动能量,提高纯电动汽车行驶里程。

The composite energy storage system composed of battery, super capacitor and bi-directional DC-DC converter was studied to solve the problem of insufficient mileage and short battery life in electric vehicles. In order to realize rational power allocation of battery and super capacitor, the logic threshold and fuzzy control strategy were established respectively. The vehicle model was constructed based on the electric vehicle simulation software.Through simulation study,the characteristic curves of the current and SOC of battery and the current curves of super capacitor were got, and the results were compared with the single battery power supply. For verifying the feasibility and effectiveness of the control strategy, the experimental platform was built to study electric vehicles during driving and braking. Simulation and the experimental results show the composite energy storage system and its control strategies successfully reduce the charge and discharge current of battery, regenerate the braking energy and improve the mileage of electric vehicles.