锈赤扁谷盗等3种菌食性储粮害虫的发生分布调查

Investigation on occurrence and distribution of three fungivore pests in stored grain

在中国主要储粮生态区的海南、广东、云南、福建、浙江、湖南、湖北、河南、山东、辽宁、山西和黑龙江等12个省77个地市,现场采集调查了具有代表性的粮库、小麦粉厂、米厂、饲料加工厂和农户等共计505个。在所有调查的12个省内均有米扁虫和锈赤扁谷盗分布发生,除湖南省、山西省和黑龙江省外其余各调查省份均采集到小蕈甲。从发现害虫的单位总个数与调查单位的总个数之比(发现比率)看,米扁虫、小蕈甲和锈赤扁谷盗的发现比率分别为18.81%、11.48%、45.94%,锈赤扁谷盗的发现比率远高于米扁虫和小蕈甲的发现比率。比较不同省份中调查害虫分布发生的广泛性可看出,在海南省调查锈赤扁谷盗的发现比率与米扁虫和小蕈甲的发现比率相似,在山东省锈赤扁谷盗的发现比率略低于米扁虫发现比率,在黑龙江省的锈赤扁谷盗发现比率与米扁虫发现比率一致,其他所调查诸省份中锈赤扁谷盗的发现比率(14.29%～69.81%)显著高于米扁虫(3.03%～36.17%)和小蕈甲(0～33.92%),在我国主要储粮生态区多数省份中锈赤扁谷盗的分布发生程度远大于米扁虫和小蕈甲。

The samples were collected from 505 stored grain enterprises, including grain depots,flour mills, rice mills,feed mills and some farmer and so on which are located in 77 cities in twelve provinces, including Hainan, Guangdong, Yunnan, Fujian, Zhejiang, Hunan, Hubei, Henan, Shandong, Liaoning, Shanxi, Heilongjiang,which are main grain storage eco-regions in China. Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) and ahasverus advena (Waltl) occurred in all of the investigated provinces. Typhaea stercorea were collected from all of the provinces except Heilongjiang, Hunan and Shanxi province. The detection rates of A. advena, T. stercorea and C. ferrugineus were 18.81%, 11.48% and 45.94% respectively. The detection rate of C. ferrugineus was much higher than that of A. advena and T. stercore. The detection rate of C. ferrugineus in Hainan province was similar with that of A. advena and T. stercorea. The detection rate of C. ferrugineus in Shandong province was less than that of A. advena. The occurrence rates of C. ferrugineus and A. advena in Heilongjiang were the same. The detection rate of C. ferrugineus (14.29–69.81%) was much higher than A. advena (3.03–6.17%) and T. stercorea (0–33.92%) in other provinces. The occurrence rate of C. ferrugineus was much higher than that of A. advena and T. stercorea in most provinces in China.