山西省阳泉矿区酸性矿水细菌群落组成特征探究

Study on Composition Feature of Bacterial Community in Acid Mine Drainage from Yangquan Mining Area,Shanxi Province

为探究废弃煤矿区酸性矿水群落组成特征,于2017—2018年夏、冬、春季在山西省阳泉矿区小沟村酸矿水渗出点(AMD1)和小沟村露天矿积水(AMD2) 2个样点采集水样,运用高通量测序技术分析测定各样本细菌群落组成,发现:小沟村酸矿水渗出点中,铁氧化菌Acidithiobacillus和铁还原菌Acidiphilium是夏季细菌群落中的主要菌属,norank_p_WS6和铁氧化菌Gallionella分别是冬季和春季的主要菌属;小沟露天矿积水中,铁还原菌Acidiphilium是夏季的优势菌属,铁氧化菌Ferrovum是冬季和春季的主要优势属。其他菌属均为低丰度成员,其中在夏季露天矿积水样点中发现少量的硫氧化菌Thiomonas。主成分分析表明夏季和冬季细菌群落差异尤为显著,结合优势属的表型分析,可能与水体中细菌对温度的敏感性有关。

In order to investigate the feature of bacterial communities in acid mine drainage(AMD), water samples were collected in summer, winter of 2017 and spring of 2018 at a leaking point of AMD(AMD1) and an open mine pond (AMD2) near a disused mine in Xiaogou village, Yangquan, Shanxi Province. The composition of bacterial community of each sample was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that Acidithiobacillus(iron oxidizing bacteria) and Acidiphilium(Iron Reducing Bacteria) in AMD1 were the dominant genus in summer, while norank_p_WS6 and Gallionella(iron oxidizing bacteria) were the main members in winter and spring, respectively. In AMD2, Acidiphilium(Iron Reducing Bacteria) was the major genus in summer and Ferrovum(iron oxidizing bacteria) was the domiant genus in winter and spring. The sulfur oxidizing bacteria, Thiomonas, with low abundance, was only found in summer in AMD2. The principal component analyze showed that the bacterial communities in summer were significantly different from those in winter, possibly due to the susceptibility for temperature of bacteria in watercourse considering the phenotype of main dominant genus.