柠檬园前期不同土地利用方式对半翅目昆虫的影响——以云南省澜沧县为例

Effects of Lemon Orchards Types with Different of the Land Use Types in Early Stage on Hemipteran Insects:a Case Study in Lancang County, Yunnan Province

【目的】为探讨前期土地利用方式对柠檬园半翅目昆虫群落的影响。【方法】于2016年4月和7月,采用陷阱法和网扫法对澜沧县3种类型柠檬园半翅目昆虫群落进行调查。【结果】(1)物种组成及多度:天然林改造型柠檬园采集半翅目昆虫1 163头,55种;农田改造型柠檬园采集半翅目昆虫3 136头,49种;荒地改造型柠檬园采集半翅目昆虫4 285头,34种。(2)多样性比较:3种类型柠檬园半翅目昆虫和半翅目昆虫害虫多度均有显著差异,由多到少的排序为荒地改造型柠檬园>农田改造型柠檬园>天然林改造型柠檬园;3种类型柠檬园半翅目昆虫和害虫物种丰富度均有显著差异,由多到少的排序为天然林改造型柠檬园>农田改造型柠檬园>荒地改造型柠檬园;3种类型柠檬园半翅目昆虫益虫多度有显著差异,荒地改造型柠檬园半翅目昆虫益虫多度最高;3种类型柠檬园半翅目昆虫益虫物种丰富度无显著差异。(3)群落结构相似性:3种类型柠檬园半翅目昆虫群落结构不相似。(4)相关性分析:半翅目昆虫物种丰富度与草本植物多度和草本植物物种丰富度显著相关,半翅目昆虫物种丰富度随着草本植物物种丰富度增加而降低;半翅目昆虫物种丰富度随着草本植物多度先增加后趋于稳定。【结论】前期土地利用方式的差异对柠檬园半翅目昆虫群落多样性产生了影响。

[Purpose]In order to explore the effects of the land use types in early stage on Hemipteran insect communities in lemon orchards.[Method]The Hemipteran insect communities were investigated by sweep netting and pitfall traps in three types of lemon orchards in Lancang County, Yunnan Province in April and July, 2016.[Result](1) Species and composition and relative abundance: 1 163 Hemipteran insect individuals were collected in the natural forest transformation lemon orchards, representing 55 species;3 136 Hemipteran insect individuals were collected in the farmland transformation lemon orchards, representing 49 species;4 285 Hemipteran insect individuals were collected in the wasteland transformation lemon orchards, representing 34 species.(2) Diversity comparisons: there were significant differences of Hemipteran insects abundance and pest abundance, Hemipteran insects and pest abundance ranked as wasteland transformation lemon orchards>farmland transformation lemon orchards>natural forest transformation lemon orchards;there were significant differences of Hemipteran insects species richness and pest species richness, Hemipteran insects and pest species richness ranked as natural forest transformation lemon orchards>farmland transformation lemon orchards>wasteland transformation lemon orchards;there were significant differences of beneficial insect abundance, wasteland transformation lemon orchards had the highest beneficial insect abundance;there were no significant differences of beneficial insect species richness.(3) Community structures: three types of lemon garden Hemipteran insect community structure was not similar.(4) Correlation analysis: species richness of Hemipteran insects were significantly correlated with herb abundance and herb abundance, species richness of Hemipteran insect decreased with increasing of herb species richness, and first increased then tend to be stable with increasing of herb species abundance.[Conclusion]Diversity of Hemipteran insect communities in lemon orchards was affected by the land use types in early stage.