基于风电制氢与超级电容器混合储能的可控直驱永磁风电机组建模与控制

Modeling and Control of Controllable D-PMSG Based on Hybrid Energy Storage of Wind Power Hydrogen Production and Supercapacitor

针对风电机组出力波动导致电网调峰压力较大、弃风率较高现象,提出一种基于风电制氢与超级电容器混合储能的可控型直驱永磁风电机组的解决方案。建立了直驱永磁风电机组、制氢装置(电解槽、压缩机、储氢罐)及超级电容器的数学模型,并构建一种电解槽堆与超级电容器组耦合于直驱永磁风电机组中间直流母线的结构。提出可控型直驱永磁风电机组的上层控制策略,同时推导了直驱永磁风电机组单元与混合储能单元(电解槽、超级电容器)的控制方程。剖析可控型直驱永磁风电机组运行于各工况下的协调控制策略,并通过PSCAD/EMTDC仿真验证所建模型的准确性及上层控制策略的有效性。结果证明:利用风电制氢与超级电容器可使直驱永磁风电机组出力可控、友好入网,减缓电网的调峰压力,提高风能利用率。

For the phenomena of large peaking pressure of the power grid and high abandoned wind rate caused by output fluctuation of wind power turbine , this paper proposes a solution for the controllable D-PMSG based on hybrid energy storage of wind power hydrogen production and the supercapacitor. It establishes mathematical models for the D-PMSG, the hydrogen production device (electrolyzer, compressor, hydrogen storage tank) and supercapacitors, and constructs a kind of structure for the electrolyzer and supercapacitors coupling in the intermediate DC bus of D-PMSG. It also proposes a control strategy for the upper layer of the controllable D-PMSG and deduces the control equations of the D-PMSG and hybrid energy storage units including the electrolyer and supercapacitors. By analyzing coordinated control strategies of the controllable D-PMSG under different operating conditions and making simulation in PSCAD/EMTDC, it verifies correctness of the established model and effectiveness of the control strategy for the upper layer. Corresponding results prove that it is able to control output of the D-PMSG and realize friendly grid-connection by making use of wind power hydrogen production and the supercapacitor, reduce peaking pressure and improve utilization rate of wind energy.