支气管扩张症相关病原学及药敏分析

Analysis of the Etiology and Drug Sensitivity of Bronchiectasis

研究支气管扩张症患者病原菌分布特点和药敏情况,为临床合理用药提供参考。对2017年1月至2018年4月住院的支气管扩张症患者进行痰/肺泡灌洗液病原菌培养和药敏试验。结果:350例患者中有139例痰/肺泡灌洗液培养出病原菌157株,包括125株革兰氏阴性菌(79. 6%)、22株真菌(14. 0%)和10株革兰氏阳性菌(6. 4%),其中铜绿假单胞菌占大多数(96株,61. 1%)。结果表明:支气管扩张症患者主要的病原菌是革兰氏阴性菌和真菌,抗感染治疗时应选择能够覆盖铜绿假单胞菌等革兰氏阴性菌的敏感药物,另外应警惕真菌感染。

The distribution of pathogen and drug sensitivity of patients with bronchiectasis was studied to provide reference for rational drug use in clinic.The sputum/bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was used for pathogen culture and drug sensitivity test in hospitalized bronchiectasis patients from January 2017 to April 2018.Among 350 patients, 157 strains of pathogenic bacteria were cultured from sputum/alveolar lavage fluid in 139 cases, including 127 strains of Gram-negative bacteria (79.6%), 22 strains of fungi (14.0%) and 10 strains of Gram-positive bacteria (6.4%).Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounted for the majority (96 strains, 61.1%).Gram-negative bacteria and fungi were the main pathogens of bronchiectasis.Sensitive drugs should be selected for the treatment of Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa.In addition, fungal infections should be vigilant.